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Faith-ing

10/14/2022

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믿음의 현재형


믿음, 소망, 사랑을 영어로 Faith, Hope and Love로 사용합니다. 그리고 소망과 사랑을 현재 부사로보면은 loving, hoping으로 사용됩니다. 그러나 믿음에 대해서 영어로 faith-ing로 말 할 수 있는가입니다. 어떤이들은 faith-ing이라는 말이 없다고 합니다. 사랑과 소망은 현재형으로 사랑하고 있다 그리고 소망하고 있다 그런데 믿음에는 현재형이 없다 주장하며 영어로 말하자면 Love has present tense of loving and hope has a present tense hoping but there is no faith-ing.
여기에서 한글과 영어와 헬라어 (신약서 원어)의 세 언어의 한계와 차이점을 볼 수 있습니다.
영어에서는 faith and believe의 두 단어가 있지만 한글과 헬라어는  두 단어를 "믿음" 한 단어로 번역하고 있습니다. 여기에서 첫번재 단어 사용의 문제가 있고 둘째로는 문법상의 해석입니다. 헬라어 문법에는 Participle이라는 분사법이 있습니다. 현재 분사법은 영어로 -ing로 번역이 됩니다. 그래서 loving and hoping으로도 번역이 됩니다. 그러나 한글로는 분사와 동사의 번역의 구별이 없이 번역됩니다. 그래서 분사법을 사랑, 소망이라고 보통 번역합니다.
그러나 헬라어에서는 동사와 형용사와 분사를 확실이 구별해서 사용합니다. 그리고 번역도 원래는 헬라어 문법대로 해석해야 옮습니다. 다만 각나라의 언어와 풍습과 개념 때문에 번역에 있어서 번역상 융통성이 허락됩니다.
어떤이들은 faith는 faith-ing란 단어가 없다고 말합니다. 그러나 faith와 believe를 이해하는 것은 해석 차이 입니다. 무슨 말이냐면 신약이 쓰여질 당시에는 faith or belief or believe를 구별하지 않았습니다. 헬라어로  믿음은 "피스티스 πιστις"입니다. 다만 이것이 명사로 쓰여지면 "피스티스 πιστίς"이며 동사로 사용될떄는 "피스테우오 πιστεύω" 또한  분사 (participle) 로 쓰여지면 "피스테우온 (단수) πιστευων" (헬라어 액센트는 생략했음.) (요한복음 11: 26절에 나옴); 만약에 복사로 쓰여지면 "피스테우온테스 πιστεύντες" (요한복음 20: 31절에 나옴)로 사용됩니다. 그래서 Young Literal Translation서는  두 구절들을 "believing"으로 번역됬습니다. NIV번역에는 요한복음 20: 31절을 believing으로 번역하고 있습니다. 이렇게 보며는 believing or faithing이라고 볼 수 있겠죠. 또 한가지는 오늘날의 영어는 faith and belief를 나누어서 사용합니다. 그래서 faith는 헌신과 행동이 따르지만 belief는 지적의 이해로 생각합니다. 예를 들어 나는 간디가 산것을 믿는다. I belive that Gandhi lived. 여기에 믿음은 지식으로 이해한다지만 I turst you 한다면 나는 너를 믿지만 헌신도 포함되어 있습니다.
그렇지만 초대 성경저자들은 faith and believe 단어를 구별하지 않았습니다 "피스티스"로 사용했습니다.
믿음은 현재의 상태입니다. faith-ing or believ-ing. 어제의 믿음도 아니요 내일의 믿음이 아닙니다.  그래서 성경은 믿음에 현재 부사(present participle)를 사용했습니다. 믿음은 항상 현재형입니다. "-ing".
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    Brother Alexander T. Pak has a doctorate in Patristics, which he studied under Dr. Joseph P. Farrell (Oxon) and Dr. Scott DeHart (Oxon), from CGSOT. He focuses on researching Church Fathers, Korean-American immigrant history, and missions. Martyr's Descendant: A Story of Vowed Son was published in the spring of 2019 and was his autobiographical novel that tells of how he found himself.

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  • Home
    • Prayer Topics
  • Explore
    • About
    • Bak Nam Suk
    • EWBI >
      • Timeline of Christian Branches
      • Timeline of the Western Church 1st-10th century
      • Christianity in Asia >
        • Introduction
        • China Timeline History
        • Korea Timeline History
        • Syrian Connections
      • Online Classes
      • Recent Course Materials >
        • Christian Spirituality >
          • Guide to Christian Spirituality: Living in the Spirit
        • Song of Songs Survey >
          • Song of Songs: Love is Strong as Death
        • Syrian Christianity >
          • Registration Form
          • Survey Syrian Spirituality
          • SCS Note
          • SCS Outline
        • The Book of John 요한 복음 연구 >
          • 요한복음연구
      • Western Treasures >
        • Greek Manuscripts
    • Gospel
    • Lord's Prayer
    • Partners >
      • Missionaries
      • Friends
    • Purpose & History >
      • Affiliations
      • Ministries
      • Photo Gallery
    • Sainthood
    • Schedules
    • Alexander Pak >
      • Earlier years of Bro Alex's photos
      • CV
      • Papers and Writings from Prison
      • Written Works List
    • Terms of Service >
      • Contact
      • Privacy Policy
  • Resources
    • Articles and Writings >
      • On Passover in Jerusalem
      • In the Air
      • American Missionary John Livingstone Nevius (1829-1893)
      • Book Review: Reformation Sketches: Insights into Luther, Calvin, and the Confessions.
      • A Short History of Early Korean-American Churches in America (in Korean)
      • A Brief Introduction To A Secret of Survival of Jews: New Covenant People >
        • Book I Secret of Survival of Jews: New Covenant People >
          • I Chapter 1: In the Beginning
          • I Chapter 2: From Slavery to Freedom
          • I Chapter 3: Mt. Sinai
          • I Chapter 4: Keeping the Sabbath
          • I Chapter 5: Into the Promised Land
          • I Chapter 6: Kings in the Biblical Periods
          • I Chapter 7: The First Temple Period
          • I Chapter 8: The Fall of Kingdom of Judah and the Babylonian Captivity
          • I Chapter 9: Esther and Purim: Triumph of the Weak
          • I Chapter 10: Prescribed Feasts
          • I Chapter 11: Return to Zion and Alexander the Great
        • Book II: Victory Of Faith: Growth of Judaism >
          • II Chapter 1: Rebellion for the Religious Freedom
          • II Chapter 2: Patriarchal Rule
          • II Chapter 3: The Oral Tradition
          • II Chapter 4: The Talmud
          • II Chapter 5: Medieval Western Europe
          • II Chapter 6: Life of Jews among the Islam Setting
          • Affiliation2
          • II Chapter 7: Life of Jews in Eastern Europe
          • II Chapter 8: The Enlightenment and Freedom
        • Book III Victory of Faith: Inheriting the Land >
          • III Chapter 1: Jews in America
          • III Chapter 2: The Holocaust
          • III Chapter 3: Establishment Of Modern Israel
        • Timeline
        • Brief Outline of the Old Testament
        • Glossary
      • Introduction To Apologetics
      • The Existence of God: Revelations Introduced
      • On Humanity: Where Do We Come From?
      • The Person of Jesus: God’s Most Precious Gift
      • The Deity of the Holy Spirit
      • Christian Reformed Church Mission to China
      • A Brief Introduction To God’s Three-In- Oneness: The Trinity And The Council Of Nicaea, 325
      • Commentary on the Book of Revelation by Dr. Eun Kyu Park
      • Comparative Religious Study: Looking at Greek Orthodox Christianity and Understanding of Luther and Calvin On Scripture, Christology, the Holy Spirit and Church
      • Church Fathers
      • A Brief Intro. to Greek Orthodox Church
      • Brief Life's Sketches of the Church Fathers
      • The Council of Nicaea I, 325
      • Outline of the Council of Ephesus (A.D. 431)
      • Origen of Alexandria (185-c. 254)
      • Toward The Council Of Chalcedon, 451
      • The Development Of Episcopal Ministry For The Purpose Of Canon And Creed
      • Meaning of History
      • The Question of Authorities in Forming Christian Doctrine
      • Reflection on Theological Education (In Korean)
      • New Age and Its Impact on Churches and Society (in Korean)
      • Next-Generation Pastor’s Spirituality and Korean Church’s Well Being
      • Meditate on the Lord's Prayer
      • Councils of Nicaea, Ephesus and Chalcedon: Development of Episcopal Ministry
      • With Jesus in a Monastery
      • Antiochean Christology
    • Biblical Monastic Spirituality
    • BiblicalTraining Classes for Everyone
    • Books
    • Featured Book: Secret of  Survival of Jews—Triumph of the Weak
    • LEARNING BIBLICAL GREEK: DR BILL MOUNCE
    • Media